Bag making



Sept. 13, 1932. v u w c 1,877,456

' BAG MAKING Filed May 9. 1929 mmv TOR. m mg urw/ck I Patented Sept. 13,1932 UNITED STATES IRVTNG GURWICK, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.,

TRANSPARENT PACKAGING &.PRINTING- CORPORATION, OF NEW YORK, If. Y, A.

CORPORATION OF NEW YORK ASSIGNOR', I BY PATENT OFFICE HESNE ASSIGNMENTS,TO

m. mine Application filed Kay 9, 1929. Serial No. 861,583.

This invention relates to bag making, and more particularly to a bagmade of cellophane or like material, and to a method for making thesame. 1

Cellophane and like transparent paper stock is relatively brittle intexture and, consequently, is greatly weakened when subjected to a sharpcrease. A primary object of my invention is to permit folded creases tobe made in such material without weakenin the resulting product. I havefound that i? the folded seam is made of a double thickness of he paperthe resulting crease is relatively rounded, and even if subjected toconsiderable squeezing pressure is not made suificiently sharp to impairthe strength of the pap .r.

The most vulnerable points in a paper bag are the edges adj acent itsopen end, for when the bag is first opened and articles insertedtherein, there is a great tendency to tear these edges. It is,accordingly, a further object of my invention to 1y strengthened againstthis form of rupture, and to this end I have devised a bag the edgeseams of which are cemented and thereafter folded over upon a side ofthe bag and cemented thereto, so that the seam is doubly cemented, yetthe bag may be opened to its full width, and is relatively strong at itsedges because the crease, being one of double thickness, is notsufficiently sharp to weaken the edge of the bag.

The present invention further includes a novel bag making method. Thismethod possesses desirable features, one'of which is that the bag makingoperation is applied to a continuous web of paper. Another is'that theweb is kept under positive control at all times. Still another is thattheweb is kept in continuous motion. 1 i

Cellophane is exceptionally diflicult to control, for it is very light,and the thinnest grades are the most popular, andit therefore isessential to keep the material under positive grip and control at alltimesduring the process. In accordance with one feature of my invention,at the instant a blank is out free 7 from the web it is folded andgripped positively by folding rollers, no movement of translation being.undergone by the free provide a bag which is great blank. To expeditethis step, cement is applied during the continuous movement of the webbefore the blanks are cut therefrom.

To the accomplishment of the foregoing and such other objects as willhereinafter appear, my invention consists in the bag and the steps inthe method of making the same,

as hereinafter-are more particularly described in the specification andsought to be defined in the claims. The specification is accom panied bya drawing in which:

Fig. 1 is a schematic sectionalrelevation of the apparatus employed inthe practice of my method; 7 Fig. 2 shows a cementedand cut blank; Fig.3 illustrates the folding thereof Fig. 4 shows the resultingintermediate product;

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary section taken in the plane of the line 55 inFig. 1;

Fig. 6 illustrates the bag when in the stage shown in Fig. 5;

' Fig. 7 indicates the bag at a later stage, with the partial fold ofthe edge being comleted; p Fig. 8 is a section taken in the plane of theline 88; g

Fig. 9 is a section through the bag showing the disposition of thestrips of cement' While the present method possesses features of noveltywhich are applicable to any material, it is especially designed for usewith cellophane or like transparent relatively brittle material.Cellophane is exceedingly light and flimsy, and the most popularcommercially used cellophane is very light in weight, say eightten-thousandths of an inch in thlckness, It, therefore, is exceedinglyimportant when handling cellophane to keep the web or sheet underpositive control at all times, and it should never be left free in themachine. Furthermore, the material may vary in thickness, so that if notkept under positive control it may tend to move off at a tangent insteadof in the desired direction, owing. to the uneven distribution ofweight. The material is also very sensitive to temperature and humiditychanges, and its operating characterishave devised a bag making method,the a cated generally at E.

The cellophane or other paper web is drawn from a roll 2 by a drivenfeed roller 4, and a presser roller 6. Cement is picked up. by a pair ofglue wheels 8 from a glue fountain 10, the cement on the glue wheelsbeing reduced to the desired amount by a-scraper blade 12, andtransferred through'a transfer roller 14 to stencil wheels 16, whichapply strips of the cementto the margins of theweb intermittently. Thecemented web is drawn under tension by a driven feed wheel 20 anda-cooperating presser wheel 22, por- -tions of the latter beingreduced'in diameter to avoid the strips of cement applied by the stencilwheels 16.

The web is fed past the guillotine cutting knife 0, over the guideplates 24 and to the notcher B. The machine is so timed that the.

guillotine knife and'the notcher begin tocut and travel along with theweb at the proper speed, completing their cut when the blank'is properlypositioned above the foldingmechanism D. It willfbe noticed that thenotcher B and the cutter C are both actuated by eccentries 26, whichserve to reciprocate the upper 'cuttmg blades vertically, and which alsoserve to reciprocate both the upper and lower cutting bladeshorizontally. The lowercutting blades are carried by frames 28, arrangedto slide'with slide blocks- 30, carried in guide rails 32. The frames 28are operatively connected with the upper knife carrying frames forhorizontal reclprocation, but not for vertical reciprocation, by meansof the vertically 4 reciprocable plungers or dowels 32.

"tion. The dull edged folding blade 34 de-" In order to avoid thedifficulty of moving and handling already cut blanks of the flimsymaterial, and with the further object of keepmg the material alwaysunder positive control, at the instant the cutters have functioned, andbefore they-have'been retracted, the folding-mechanism D has begun'tofuncscends and forces the blank to bend'along a transverse lineintermediate its length, whereupon the blank is gripped by thefoldingrollers 36 and is completely folded and.

carrledby them into the further cementing and folding mechanismindicated generally at E. 5 The folding rollers .36 "are preferablyrotated at a relatively great speed in order to quickly clear the foldedblank out of the .Figs. 7 and.

way of the approaching web, and to gain time which may later be used upin the subsequent operations performed by the apparatus E.

Figs. 2, 3, the bag during the phase of operations so fardescribed. Theblank 40 is'notched at 42, assuming that a bag with aclosing flap isdesired, but these notches, and the entire notching mechanism B, may beomitted ifa 7 simple bag without a flap. is to be made. The strips ofcement 44 represent those which have been intermittently applied to thecontinuously moving web by the cementing means'A. The transverse line 46intermediso ate the ends of the blank shows where the folding blade'34descends, and the resulting fold becomes the bottom edge of the bag, asis illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4. The folding rollers 36 may be reducedin diameter in- 85 termediate their ends, with aview to'folding thehalves of the blank together without creasing the bottom edge entirelyacross the width of the bag. However, such a crease is not harmfulbecause it under high pressure. Furthermore, even if the bag is heavilycreased entirely across the bottom, the effect is not as injurious asthat which would result were a side seam so 2 creased for the reasonthat the maximum strain is placed upon the bag at the edges adjacent theopen end of the bag.

The blank in the form shown in Fig. 4 is carried from'the foldingrollers 36 directly into thegrip of the carrying chains 50. These chainsare so spaced apartthat the bag projects at either edge beyond thechains a sufficient amount to permit of the subsequent cementing andfolding operation next described. I

Referring more particularly to Figs. 1, 5,

and 8, there is apair of formers 52, one for each side of the bag, whichserve to turn up the two edges of the bag, and, about at the time whenthe formers have turned the edges '11 at right-angles to the body of thebag a'pair of cementing mechanisms comprising a glue fountain 54, luewheels 56, one for each sidev of the bag, a scraper blade 58, a transferroller 60, and stencil wheels 62, one for each side 11 of the bag, applystrips of cement on the sides of-the bag just inside of the foldededges. It is obvious that these strips of cement may be applied beforethe folding operation ,has the manner hereset forth, the presentarrangement having the the 'folding operation by holding the bag againstthe formers. "The bag at that time is in the condition shown in Fig.. 6.

The formers 52 next serve to graduallycomplete the folding of the edgesof the bag over upon the side thereof, as is indicated in 1 8. At theend of the travel of the carrying chains 50 tl1'e bag reaches two and 4illustrate the condition of need not be made 9o begun,as well as duringit, in 12 advantage of assisting 64, which heavily edges of the bagcemented surfaces cement being dispairs of squeezer rollers squeeze thefolded double in order to bring all of the into intimate contact, thetributed relative to the edge of the bag in the manner illustrated bythe section shown in Fig. 9. The finished bag is illustrated in Fig. 10.i

ing a web from a paper roll or from a printing machine or the like, thrua first cementing means, thereafter cutting the previously ccmentedblanks from the web, without any appreciable dwell period, and foldingthe blank at the instant of completion of the cut without preliminarilymoving the. blank 'to any new folding position. Finally the cementededges of the bag are folded over upon the side thereof, with additionalstrips of cement therebetween, and squeezed to fix various cementedsurfaces in close contact. The process is characterized by theadvantages of con: tinuity, simplicity, direct operation on a web ratherthan on previously manufactured blanks, positive grip and control of theweb at all times, and others equally inherent in the method.

The doubly folded and doubly cemented edge makes the bag much strongerthan it would otherwise be, and results in the bag being absolutelysift-proof so that it may be used to carry even a finely divided powder.The seams are at the edges, and there is no center seam, in consequenceof which the bag body is entirely transparent. The absence of a centerseam also makes it possible for either side of the bag to be printed,and in fact either or both faces of either side may be printed, all ofwhich printing may be ac complished before the web is fed to the bagmaking machine. These advantages are entirely absent in a bag structurehaving a center seam for obvious reasons, such as nontransparency at theseam, and the difficulty of bringing the printed matter at either sideof the seam into registry.

It will be apparent that-while I have shown and described my inventionin the preferred form, many changes and modifications may be made in thebag structure and in the method here disclosed without departing fromthe spirit of the invention, defined in the following claims.

I claim:

1. A bag comprising a blank folded on a transverse line intermediate itslength in order to form the body portion of the bag, the back sideprojecting beyond the front side in order to form a flap for closing thebag, the edges of the body portion of the bag being permanently cementedby means of an adhesive cement, and said cemented edges being foldedover upon and perma ,nently cemented to a side of the bag by means .ofan adhesive cement, the resulting doubly cemented seam being left in aflat and un orimped condition.

2. A bag made of cellophane or a like thin transparent relativelybrittle paper, said bag having a folded seam consisting of a doublethickness of the paper folded over upon itself and cemented, whereby theresulting crease even when pressed is not sufliciently sharp to weakenor crack the said relatively brittle paper.

3. In a cellophane bag, a seam consisting of a cemented edge the doublethickness of which is folded over upon itself and again.

cemented, whereby the resulting crease is not sufliciently sharp toweaken the paper.

4; A bag made of cellophane or a like thin transparent relativelybrittle paper, comprising a blank folded on 'a transverse lineintermediate its length in order to form the body portion of the bag,the edges of the body portion of the bag being folded over upon andcemented to a side of the bag, the resulting crease'of double thicknessof material being not sufliciently sharp to weaken the edges of the bag.

A bag made of thin transparent relatively brittle non-adhesive paper,comprising a blank folded on a transverse line intermediate its lengthin order to formthe body portion of the bag, the edges of the bodyportion ofthe bag being permanently cemented by means of an adhesivecement, and said cemented edges being folded over upon and permanentlycemented to a side of the bag by means of anadhesive cement, theresulting doubly cemented seam being left in a flat and uncrimpedcondition.

6. A bag made of cellophane or a like thin transparent relativelybrittle paper, compris ing a blank folded on a transverse lineintermediate its length in order to form the body portion of the bag,the back side projecting beyond the front side in order to form a flapfor closing the bag, the edges of the body per;

tion of the bag being folded over upon vand cemented to a side of thebag.

7. A bag made of thin transparent rela-- tively brittle non-adhesivepaper, comprisrial belng not sufficiently sharp to weaken the edges ofthe bag, and the resulting doubly cemented seam being left in a fiat anduncrimped condition.

8. A bag made of cellophane comprising a blank folded on a transverseline intermediate its length in order to form the front and back sidesof the body portion of the bag, said back side projecting eyond thefront side in order to form a flap for closing the bag, the edges of thebody portion of the bag being cemented, and said cemented edges beingfolded over p bag, the resulting crease of double thickness of materialbeing not sufficiently sharp to weaken the edges of the bag.

9. The method of forming an edge seam for a bag made from cellophane orlike thin transparent relatively brittle paper, which includes cementingthe edge, applying a strip of cement to the side of the bag, folding theedge over onto the side of the bag with the strip of cementtherebetween, and finally squeezing the folded double edge in order tobring the cemented surfaces into intimate contact.

10. The method of forming an edge seam for a bag made from cellophane orlike thin transparent relatively brittle paper, which includes cementingthe edge, applying a strip of cement to the side of the bag just insideof the cemented edge, thereafter folding the cemented edge over onto thestrip of cement on the side of the bag, and finally squeezing the foldeddouble edge in order to bring all of the cemented surfaces into intimatecontact. l

11. The method of forming an edge seam for a bag made from cellophane orlike thin transparent relatively brittle paper, which includes cementingthe edge, folding the cemented edge partially aroundtoward the side ofthe bag and simultaneously applying a strip of cement to the side of thebag just inside of the partially folded edge, thereafter completing thefolding of the cemented edge over onto the strip of cement on the sideof the bag, and finally squeezing the folded edge in order to bring allof the cemented surfaces into intimate contact.

12. The method of making a bag from cellophane or like thin transparentrelatively includes folding a blank line intermediate its brittle paper,which across a transverse length and cementing the edges to form a bagbody, applying strips of cement to a side of the bag, folding the edgesof the bag over onto the strips of cement-on the side of the bag,'andfinally squeezing the folded edges of on and cemented to the front sideof the the bag in order to bring the cemented surfaces into intimatecontact.

13. The method of making a bag from a web of cellophane or like thintransparent relatively'brittle paper, which includes cutting off a blankof suitable length from the web, folding the blank across a transverseline intermediate its length and cementing the edges to form a bag body,applying strips of cement to a side of the bag inside of the cementededges, folding the cemented edges of the bag over onto the strips ofcement on the side of the bag, and finally squeezing the folded edges ofthe bag in order to bring the cemented surfaces into intimate contact.

14. The method of continuously making a series of bags from a moving wewhich includes applying a strip of adhesive to the edges of a flatunfolded moving web, completely cutting ofi a flat previously cementedblank from the web, and folding the cut off blank, in order to form flatfront and back sidesfor the bag, and in order to bring the said sidesinto cemented relation.

15. The method of continuously making a series of bags from a moving webwhich includes applying astrip of adhesive to the edges of a aftercompletely cemented blank of suitable length from the web, folding theblank across a transverse lme intermediate its length in order to formflat front and back sides of the bag, and squeezing the edges of the bagin order to bring the cemented surfaces into intimate contact andthereby form. a bag enclosure.

16. The method of making a bag which includes applyin a strip ofadhesive intermittently to thee ges of a moving web, thereaftersimultaneously notching the end of the web and cutting off a blank ofsuitable length from the web, folding. the blank across a transverseline intermediate its length in order to form front with the notched endof the blank projecting on the back beyond the front side of the bag toconstitute a flap therefor, and squeezingv the edges of the bag in orderto bring the cemented surfaces into intimate contact.

17. The method of making a bag which includes applying a strip ofadhesive intermittently to. the edges of a moving web, thereaftersimultaneously notching the end of the web and cutting off a blank ofsuitable length from the web, folding theblank across atransverse lineintermediate its length in order to I and back sides of the bag with thestrips of cement therebebrittle paper, which includes applying a strip iy of adhesive to the ed es of a movlng web,

thereafter cutting o a blank of suitable length from the web, foldingthe blank across a transverse line intermediate its length in order toform front and back sides of the bag,

applying strips of cement to a side of the bag just inside of thecemented edges, folding the cemented edges of the bag over onto thestrips of cement on the side of the bag, and finally length from theweb, folding the blank across back sides of the bag squeezing the foldededges of the bag inorder to bring all of the cemented surfaces intointimate contact. I 3

19. The method of making a bag from cellophane or like thin transparentrelatively strip of adhesive to the edges of -amoving web, thereaftercutting off a blank of suitable a transverse li-ne intermediate itslength in order to form front and back sides of the bag, folding thecemented edges of the bag partially around toward a side of the bag andsimultaneously applying strips of cement to the side of the bag justinside of the partially folded edges, thereafter completing the fold.-ing of the cementededges of-the bagover onto the strips of cement on theside of the bag, and finally squeezing the folded edges of the bag inorder to bring all of the cemented surfaces into intimatecontact.

20. The method of-making a bag from cellophane or like thin transparentrelatively continuously moving web, thereafter 'simul the web while'theweb is in motion, foldingthe blank across a transverse line intermediateits length in order to form front and .back sides of the bag with thenotched end of the blank projecting on the back beyond the front side ofthe-bag to constitute a flap therefor, folding the cemented edges of thebag partially around toward the front side of the bag and simultaneouslyapplying strips of cement to the front side of the bag just inside ofthe partially folded edges, thereafter completing the folding of thecemented edges of the bag over onto'the strips of cement on. the frontside of the bag, and finally squeezing the folded edges of the bag inorder to bring all of the cemented surfaces into intimate contact.

23. The method of making a bag which includes moving a web in unfoldedcondition, applying adhesive to the moving Web,

, cutting out and severing from said' cemented moving web a flat blankof suitable configurafolding the cut-off cemented blank in order,

to form front and back sides and a flap for the bag and in order tobring the said sides exclusive. of the flap into cementedrelation.

Signed at-New York, in the county of New York and State of New York this20th day of April, A. D. 1929.

IRVING GURWIGK.

blank 0 suitable length from the web, folding the blank across a;transverse line intermediate its length in order to form front'and withthe notched end of the blank proj'ectmg to constitute a flap therefor,folding the cemented edges of the bag partially around toward' 'a sideofithe pplying the strips he bag and simultaneously of cement tothe sideof t ag 1ustinside of 'the partially folded edges, thereafter com-'pleting the folding ofthe cemented edges of the bag over onto the stri sof cement on the side of the bag, and fina ysqueezing the folded 'edgesof the bag in order to bring all of thecemented surfaces into intimatecontact. 7

21. The methodof making a. bag which includes "cutting outablank ofsuitable con- 4 figuration while theIweb is in motion, and

folding and cementing the blank immediately at the finish of the cuttingoperation to form a completed bag.

22. The method of makin-g-a bag from cellophaiie or'like thintransparent relatively brittle paper, which includes applying a strip al of adhesive intermittently to the edges of a

